SOUND

Trail v1. Citations verified against the local CCRU corpus as of 2026-07-13.

This trail follows sound as a force before it is a meaning: a world-making fiction, a captured break, a pressure on the nervous system, a weapon, and a way of assembling bodies. The route begins with Kodwo Eshun’s sonic fiction, passes through jungle as both rhythmic technology and CCRU method, enters Steve Goodman’s vibrational ontology and bass materialism, and leaves through AUDINT into the arguments that this lineage helped open across sound studies.

Stop 1 — Producers Were Already Doing Theory

Sonic fiction begins as an act of recognition rather than an invention imposed from above. Eshun finds that producers have already built speculative concepts into records, names, sleeves, machines, and studio procedures; writing becomes the work of extracting and connecting that distributed theory.

"Suddenly it was evident that 'sonic fiction', as I proposed it, was already being practised by producers, musicians and composers. All I had to do was extract what was already there and materialise it."

SOURCE — Kodwo Eshun / Some Excursions into Sonic Fiction - Mediamatic.pdf · p. 3

Stop 2 — Fiction Acts on the Real

The method is not representational. Eshun’s alien discontinuum cuts genealogy into intervals and breaks, treating fiction and falsity as forces that reorganize the present rather than stories that merely decorate it.

"From Sun Ra to 4 Hero, today's alien discontinuum therefore operates not through continuities, retentions, genealogies or inheritances but rather through intervals, gaps, breaks. It turns away from roots; it opposes common sense with the force of the fictional and the power of falsity."

SOURCE — Kodwo Eshun / Kodwo Eshun - More Brilliant Than the Sun_ Adventures in Sonic Fiction - libgen.li.pdf · p. 17

Stop 3 — The Break Is a Machine

That force becomes technical in breakbeat science. A break is detached, captured, and made mobile: not a reference back to an original performance, but a rhythm-engine capable of moving culture at another speed.

"The Breakbeat is a motion-capture device, a detachable Rhythmengine, a movable rhythmotor that generates cultural velocity. The break is any short captured sound whatsoever."

SOURCE — Kodwo Eshun / Kodwo Eshun - More Brilliant Than the Sun_ Adventures in Sonic Fiction - libgen.li.pdf · p. 34

Stop 4 — Rhythm Rewrites the Nervous System

A short recording filed under Eshun makes the physiology explicit. Gabber’s fused kick and bass cease to be musical objects and become drilling pressure: genre description turns into an account of sound physically rearranging cognition. The transcript is speaker-blind.

"But it becomes not so much a series of kickdowns, more a kind of drilling noise, which kind of pummels your head and kind of literally drills through your cortex. And it allows a certain synaptic rearrangement, which is so intense and so strong, that it becomes a kind of a pterodome, a war zone."

SOURCE — Kodwo Eshun / Kodwo Eshun on gabber.mp3 · 00:31-00:48

Stop 5 — Jungle Is a Particle Accelerator

CCRU converts Eshun’s sensory language into a collective program. Jungle now operates as laboratory equipment: seismic bass accelerates the body below the scale of the centered subject, producing intensity through cellular decentralization.

"Jungle functions as a particle accelerator, seismic bass frequencies engineering a cellular drone which immerses the body in intensity at the molecular level. The neurotic Cartesian body of evidence with its head-up-top-down control centre is precipitated into a Brownian motion of decentralisation and disorganisation."

SOURCE — Texts / CCRU- Swarmachines.pdf · p. 7

Stop 6 — Sound Translates into Concept

Robin Mackay’s retrospective account treats jungle as a diagonal operation rather than an object of commentary. Pitch crosses duration, rhythm crosses pressure, and sonic mutation becomes a vector of abstraction capable of assembling a collectivity through the alien instead of the familiar.

"Alongside these compounded transdiagonals, in Jungle 93-97 sound translated into concept by following a vector of abstraction. Hybrid and bastardised, jungle miscegenated, diagonalised and united not through common humanity but always by way of the alien and the abstract."

SOURCE — Robin Mackay / 93–97 Rewind – Robin Mackay.pdf · p. 6

Stop 7 — Jungle Becomes a Method

A later conversation in Goodman’s archive names the diagonal that the earlier texts enacted. Theory and music are not parallel domains here: “theory to jungle” is a hybrid medium in which each cuts, accelerates, and tests the other. The transcript is speaker-blind.

"Yeah, I mean, it's a medium that kind of suits me because it occupies some kind of diagonal between two extremes of kind of theory and music. And I mean, in the CCRU, we did a lot of kind of theory to jungle back in the 90s with another project I was involved in called Audent."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Steve Goodman (Kode9), Jaša Bužinel Festival INDIGO 2022.mp3 · 32:30-32:57

Stop 8 — Sound Becomes Force

Sonic Warfare gives the route its decisive formulation. Sound is no longer a text to decode but a force deployed through heterogeneous machines; its political object is the modulation of bodies, crowds, desire, and affect.

"As opposed to sound as text, the dimension explored here is that of sound as force. Sonic warfare then, is the use of force, both seductive and violent, abstract and physical, via a range of acoustic machines (biotechnical, social, cultural, artistic, conceptual), to modulate the physical, affective, and libidinal dynamics of populations, of bodies, of crowds."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Steve Goodman-Sonic Warfare_ Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear (2009).pdf · p. 31

Stop 9 — Sound Is a Thin Slice

Once vibration replaces the heard object as the unit of analysis, audibility loses its privilege. An ontology of vibrational force tracks how entities affect one another beneath the humanly audible band, making sound one perceptible section of a larger material process.

"An ontology of vibrational force delves below a philosophy of sound and the physics of acoustics toward the basic processes of entities affecting other entities. Sound is merely a thin slice, the vibrations audible to humans or animals."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Steve Goodman-Sonic Warfare_ Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear (2009).pdf · p. 102

Stop 10 — Bass Materialism Occupies Space-Time

Goodman’s bass materialism relocates politics from what music says to what organized vibration does. Bass attracts and congeals populations, while collective engineering makes a temporary territory out of pressure, rhythm, bodies, and space.

"But a more basic power of organized vibration is usually overlooked. This subpolitical power of music to attract and congeal populations, within the examples that follow, will be tagged bass materialism. Bass materialism, it will be argued, is enacted as the microrhythmic production and occupation of space-times by collectively engineered vibration."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Steve Goodman-Sonic Warfare_ Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear (2009).pdf · p. 193

Stop 11 — Frequency Modulates Fear

In a recorded discussion, the politics of frequency expands beyond bass itself. The question is what frequencies can do psychologically—how a sonic ecology can tune expectation, discomfort, and fear before any conscious interpretation arrives. The transcript is speaker-blind.

"So it's more about the ecology of fear rather than, you know, bass. It's more about what frequency can do to us psychologically. Yeah, so bass is just a strong example."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Kode9 on Frequencies, Burial and Dance Music Exploration Red Bull Music Academy.mp3 · 43:02-43:15

Stop 12 — AUDINT Reengineers the Edge of Audition

AUDINT pushes sonic warfare back through sonic fiction and experimental practice. “Unsound” gathers weaponry, haptics, hallucination, and inhuman phenomena into a research field defined by the continual redesign of audition’s limits.

"From high-frequency crowd control systems, whispering windows, and directional ultrasound technology to haptic feedback devices using vibration within immersive VR, the parameters of the sonic are constantly reengineered. We refer to such augmentations, which extend audition to encompass the imperceptible and the not-yet or no-longer audible, as unsound. The term refers not only to what humans cannot hear, but also to non-cognitive, inhuman phenomena connected to the unknown, including the hum, hyperrhythmia, and auditory hallucinations."

SOURCE — Steve Goodman / Steve_Goodman_Toby_Heys_Eleni_Ikoniadou_-_AUDINTUnsound_Undead-Urbanomic__2019.pdf · p. 11

Stop 13 — Rhythm Exceeds Frequency

The Goodman–Parisi relay carries the argument into a wider materialist philosophy. Rhythm is not a regular pulse applied to matter, but a potential relation inside vibration itself: an opening for sound studies to think beyond both musical objects and measurable frequencies.

"Rhythmic anarchitecture is concerned with the virtuality of quantum vibration. It is necessary here to go beyond the quantification of vibration in physics into primary frequencies. For us, it is rhythm as potential relation, which is key."

SOURCE — Luciana Parisi / Parisi _ Goodman - Extensive Continuum, Towards a Rhythmic Anarchitecture.pdf · p. 3

Stop 14 — The Ontological Turn Meets Its Limit

The trail ends with a necessary pressure placed on vibrational ontology itself. Sound studies asks what disappears when the posthuman or inhuman listener is treated as universal: bodies may be vibrational, but their racialization and exposure to force are not interchangeable.

"It is interesting to note that when Marie Thompson put forward a cogent argument on the whiteness of the ‘ontological turn’ pertaining to sound studies, citing a similar tendency in which the implied posthuman or inhuman subject occludes an awareness of differing racialisations of a (disavowed) human subjectivity, the philosopher whose work exemplified this penned a hostile response, not only re-iterating the very position which was criticised and making uncouth accusations of ‘creationist’ and ‘Orientalist’ tendencies of thought, but also referred to Thompson’s lack of reference to Laboria Cuboniks’ Xenofeminism, itself implied as the favourable feminist version of the ontological turn and speculative realism."

SOURCE — Secondary Sources / Appropriating the Alien_ A Critique of Xenofeminism.pdf · p. 13